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Urinary system
Urinary system
The organ system, specialized in the elimination of metabolic products and foreign substances, ensures the maintenance of an optimal composition of the internal environment of the body (homeostasis) and its normal functioning.
Includes organs forming
(kidneys)
, accumulating and secreting
(ureters, bladder and urethra)
urine.
Kidney
The main paired organ of the urinary system, responsible for the formation of urine.
Each kidney contains about 1 million structural and functional units of the organ —
nephrons
.
Parenchyma of the kidney
is represented by epithelial elements of nephrons,
stroma
— connective tissue capsule, thin layers of loose connective tissue and a system of intraorgan blood vessels.
Nephrons
are naturally distributed throughout the organ, their various departments form the
cortex
and
medulla
of the kidney.
A feature of the
kidney vascular system
is the presence of
two capillary networks
, through which blood flows sequentially to different parts of the nephron.
Urine formed in the nephrons is excreted through a system of collecting ducts into the
intrarenal urinary tract
.
Functions
:
removal of metabolic products and foreign substances from the peripheral bloodstream (excretory function);
regulation of water-electrolyte balance;
endocrine (regulation of blood pressure, erythropoiesis processes).
The structure and blood supply of neurons
Kidney
Ultrastructure of the renal corpuscle
Ultrastructure of the nephrocytes of the proximal tubule
Vascular system of the kidney
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Private histology
Basic concepts and terms
Nervous system
+
Sensory organs
+
Cardiovascular system
+
The system of organs of hemopoiesis and immunogenesis
+
Endocrine system
+
Digestive system
+
Respiratory system
+
Common integument
+
Urinary system
-
Kidney
Urinary tract
Male reproductive system
+
Female reproductive system
+
List of micropreparations, electronic microphotographs and drawings
Literature